![]() Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) is an emerging approach for studying the functioning of the human brain. By so doing, we can classify objects we have never seen before according to the processes that shaped them. Our findings suggest that perceptual organization processes allow us to identify salient statistical shape features that are diagnostic of generative processes. ![]() Further experiments show that the shape features underlying this ability are distinct from Euclidean shape similarity and that observers can separate and voluntarily respond to both aspects of objects. We found that from the very first trials in an eight-alternative forced-choice classification task, observers were extremely good at classifying unfamiliar objects by the transformations that had shaped them. Here, we suggest that in some cases, generative processes endow objects with distinctive statistical features that observers can use to classify objects according to what has been done to them. Inferring such generative processes from an observed shape is computationally challenging because a given process can lead to radically different shapes, and similar shapes can result from different generative processes. Shape and transformation features and access the resulting representational layers at will.Įvery object acquires its shape from some kind of generative process, such as manufacture, biological growth, or self-organization, in response to external forces. ![]() Together, the fndings suggest that observers can scission object shapes into original Responses were predicted by both the magnitude and area affectedīy the transformation. Tendency to overestimate small magnitudes. Ratings correlated strongly with transformation magnitude with a Group to rate the degree of transformation. Finally, we parametrically varied the magnitude of the transformations, and asked another Locations on the objects appeared transformed, with responses suggesting they can localise features caused by Another group used a digital painting interface to indicate which They could do this almost perfectly, suggesting that they readily distinguish the causal origin of shape features. Shape or (ii) the type of transformation. A second group arranged cards depicting the objects into classes according to either (i) the original One group of participants named transformationsĬonsistently. To 8 transformations (e.g., “twisted”, “inflated”, “melted”). Using computer graphics, we created 8 unfamiliar objects and subjected each We tested whether observers can distinguish the causal origin ofĭifferent features, teasing apart the characteristics of the original shape from those imposed by transformations,Ī process we call ‘shape scission’. Yet it is challenging to separate the two. Transformation, some features are due to the object’s original form, while others are due to the transformation, Shape-deforming processes (e.g., squashing, bending, twisting) can radically alter objects’ shapes.
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